Well. Thanx for the Q abt Islam. And too nunerous is the wisdom and significance of the Islamic prayer to put it down here with permitted space. But here is just a little:
There is two parts in prayer. The most important is the Lord praises , and of seeking of His Guidance, which is the opening chapter of the Holy Quran comprising of 7 verses called Al-Fatiha, which is mandatory in the prayers. Here it is and its transliteration and translation:
Bismillah Hirrahmaan Nirraheem (In the name of Allah, the Merciful, The Compassionate.
1) Alhamdu Lillaahi Rabbil Aalameen (All Praises is due to Allah alone, the Lord of the world’s)
2) Ar Rahmaan Nirraheem (The Merciful, The Compassionate)
3) Maaliki Yaumiddeen (The Master of the day of Judgement)
4) Iyyaaka Na’budhu waIyyaaka Nasthayeen (You do we worship, and You do we seek for help)
5) Ihdinashirothal Musthakeem (Show us the right Path)
6) Shirothalladhina An Amtha Alaihim (The path of those whom You favoured)
7) Ghairil Ma’dhuubi Alaihim Wala’ddhaleen (Neither the path of those who
earned Your wrath, nor the path of those who went astray)
Ameen (Amen)
And the second part is the recitation from anyother chapters or parts of a certain long chapter, of the Quran. The main objective of this is part is just recitation, revision and memorising of the Quran.
It is believed that for those who can't memorise other chapters of the Quran to be read in the prayers, just reciting the Al- Fatiha would suffice.
We muslims just observe the prayers exactly as how prophet Muhammad (pbuh) showed us as to how to do our prayers, and there is no complexity involved.
Muslims are told to face to the direction of the Ka'aba (if they are only sure of the direction) during the prayers. This is mainly to emphasise and stress the importance of Unity among the Muslims and for some other spiritual reason which I had to omit due to inadequate space.
Islam means Submission to God's will and commandments. We muslims were told to follow certain ways in performing the prayers as we were commanded. Doing as we will is not submitting to God's will. It will be a trangression.
Islam gives importance to personal hygiene and spiritual cleanliness of the body and soul. When a person is deemed ceremonially unclean, like after indulging in sexual activities or an intended ejaculation is when a muslim is required to take a complete body bath b4 performing any religious activity. Other than that just cleaning of certain body parts in the name of 'wudhu' is sufficient.
The significance of the 'wudhu' is equal to 'batism' in Christianity but with a different interpretation as follows:
Baptism in Christianity and Islam
In Christianity, baptism is the ceremony of sprinkling somebody with water, or, according to some sects, immersing somebody with water so as to wash off the original sin,(The Inherited Sin) once and for all, in order to be accepted as a member of the Church. After baptism, one is regarded cleansed of all sins, past, present and future and not anymore bound by the Laws of Moses, for Jesus had died for their sins, and thus are guaranteed of Salvation.
The Muslims too, though disagree with the doctrine of original sin, and the sense in which Baptism is being practiced in the church, do indeed have similar practices of Baptism by symbolically washing away of sins in the name of ablution. However, the interpretation for the Islamic way of Baptism (Ablution) differs. Islamically, all are born, clean, sinless and blameless, but with the natural instinct to sin. Only when the child grows up and reaches the age of puberty (maturity),able to distinguish good from the evil, are his deeds accountable for. But the gravest and deadliest, and the unforgivable of sins, in the sight of Allah (God), is association of partners with HIM. Other than this HE will forgive sins to whomever HE wills.
Let us see what Jesus(pbuh) has to say about sins:
"If your hand causes you to sin, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life maimed than with two hands, to go into hell, where the fire never goes out. And if your foot causes you to sin, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life crippled, than to have two feet and be thrown into hell. And if your eye causes you to sin, pluck it out. It is better for you to enter the kingdom of God with one eye, than to have two eyes, and be thrown into hell, where, "their worm does not die, and the fire is not quenched". Everyone will be salted with fire"(Mark 9 v 43-49)
Anyway, such was the gravity of sins, even that is natural to mankind, in the teachings of Jesus Christ (pbuh).The question is can we fully avoid such sins for they are all sins natural and inevitable, together with sins like backbiting, slandering, hearing and talking evils, which is part and parcel of life?. So, what a Muslim (One who has fully submitted to the will of God) does is, while learning to abstain from such sins in the course of life, putting all his hope in the Mercy of Allah (God),performs the ablution in the following manner, not once in a lifetime, but each time he faces the Lord in his prayers, or before he does some other acts of worship, like the reading of the Holy Quran, etc.. which requires cleansing, as commanded:
Begins with saying,
"Bismillah Hirrahmaan Nirraheem"(In The name of Allah (God),the Merciful, The Compassionate.
1) Says his intentions to perform the ablution (baptism) by heart
2) Washes his hands (Symbolically washes off sins done by hands).
3) Washes (Gurgles) his mouth (symbolic washing off sins done by mouth).
4) Washes interior of the nose ( washes off dirt in the nose)
5) Washes the face which includes the eyes (washing off sins done by eyes)
6) Washes arms to the elbow (washes off parts exposed to pollution)
7) Wiping head with wet hands (washes off parts exposed to pollution)
8) Cleanse the ear lobes inside out (symbolic washing of sins done by ears).
9) Finally washes both the legs (cleanse off dirt and sins done by legs).
For such was the practice of the people and the prophets of old, as ordained by God.
"He placed the basin between the Tent of Meeting and the Altar and put water in it for washing, and Moses and Aaron and his sons used it to wash their hands and feet. They washed whenever they entered the Tent Of Meeting or approached the Altar, as the Lord commanded Moses” (Exodus 40 v 30-32).